What types of glass are used in TGV? What are the differences? Types of glass used in TGV:
Generally, there are three types: alkali-free glass, borosilicate glass, and quartz.
Alkali-Free Glass
Based on silicate glass, but with Na⁺, K⁺ and other alkali metal ions removed.
Main components: SiO₂ + Al₂O₃ + B₂O₃ + BaO, etc.
Brittle, poor resistance to mechanical impact.
Borosilicate Glass
Mainly composed of SiO₂ + B₂O₃, with small amounts of Na₂O, K₂O, Al₂O₃.
High transparency, suitable for laser drilling, currently the most widely used TGV material.
Quartz Glass
Almost pure SiO₂ (>99.9%), can be natural fused quartz or synthetic fused quartz.
Excellent performance but difficult to process and expensive.
Comparison of properties and applications:
| Characteristics / Glass Type | Alkali-Free Glass | Borosilicate Glass | Quartz Glass |
|---|---|---|---|
| SiO₂ Content | Medium to High | Medium | Highest |
| CTE (Coefficient of Thermal Expansion) | ~3.5–4.5 ppm/°C | ~3.3–3.8 ppm/°C | ~0.5 ppm/°C |
| Laser Processability | Good | Very Good | Very Poor |
| Dielectric Properties | Excellent | Good | Superior |
| Cost | Medium-High | Low | Highest |
| Processing Difficulty | Medium | Low | High |
| Applications | High-frequency packaging, RDL | General packaging | High-end optoelectronics, MEMS |
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