We first start by briefly introducing the components of a computer.
This might be the most detailed and easy-to-understand explanation you can find on the entire internet.
The significance of circuit protection is what?
Firstly, this is a laptop. We can see that one side is called Side A, while its reverse is the screen, called Side B, and the side with the keyboard is called Side C.
Next, let’s take a look inside the computer. Inside the computer, we mainly have a central processing unit, motherboard, graphics card, memory, hard drive, heatsink, battery, and so on. They each have their functions, but they need to work together to make the computer function.
Hardware of Computer
Next, let’s use an example to illustrate the functions and roles of each hardware component.
Imagine the computer as a factory. To operate and produce goods, it needs raw materials, workers, electricity, and a foundation to build the workshop or factory building. These elements need to come together to enable the factory to start production and output products.
Inside this factory, the processor, or CPU, can be compared to the production workshop. All the products in the factory must go through this workshop for processing before they can be manufactured. So, different CPUs, with distinctions like four cores or eight cores, can be likened to a factory having four or eight workshops.
Under the same conditions, which one has higher production efficiency?
Of course, with more workshops, the demand for electricity and workers will undoubtedly be higher. Production also requires raw materials, which need a place to be stored. Where do we usually store raw materials? In a warehouse.
The hard drive serves as this warehouse, responsible for storing all of the computer’s data and information (raw materials).
Raw materials need to be transported to the workshops for processing. In this transportation process, a carrier is required, and in the computer, this carrier is the memory. The role of memory in a computer is to temporarily store data. In simple terms, when we run a software program, the software’s information and data are stored in memory. The larger the memory, the more software programs can be run simultaneously.
After the workshops produce the finished products, there’s one more step, which is packaging. This packaging process is completed in the packaging factory. In the context of a computer, this packaging factory is called the graphics card. The graphics card not only handles packaging but also transportation. It delivers the finished products through cables to display them on the customer’s screen. These products can be text, images, or videos.
All of these hardware components mentioned above require support from two other components, the motherboard and the battery. The motherboard is like a carefully designed piece of land, providing support and connections for the CPU, GPU, memory, hard drive, and power supply on top of it. It also allows the power supply to connect to other hardware components internally and externally through wires, as well as connecting external resources to the internal components. This is the composition of this factory or this computer.
I believe most people should have a good understanding by now. Let’s have a brief summary to help everyone consolidate and comprehend.
When we power on the computer, the motherboard checks if all the hardware is functioning properly. If everything is in order, it uses the memory as a transport vehicle to retrieve the operating system data from the hard drive, which acts as a warehouse. This data is then handed over to the processor for processing.
Similarly, when we open a software program, the memory retrieves the software’s data from the hard drive and hands it over to the processor for production. After the processor completes its task, it hands the finished product over to the graphics card, which then takes care of packaging and transportation to the screen for display to the user.
Is this process complete?
No, this is not a complete process. The computer also connects to the internet through the network card on the motherboard and software that you install. This allows you to access the internet. Your computer also needs a continuous supply of power through the power source to keep all the hardware components running smoothly. Additionally, the computer is connected to the mouse and keyboard through the IO ports on the motherboard to receive control input from the user.
Application of Computer
Finally, let’s discuss how to apply these components, taking CPU and memory as examples. The role of the CPU in the entire computer is crucial, and its performance is typically described by the number of cores, threads, clock speed, manufacturing process, architecture, and more. Let’s relate this to our example: the CPU’s cores can be thought of as the number of workshops, and more cores are generally better.
Threads simulate the magical effect of increasing cores by improving the processor’s efficiency, essentially increasing the utilization of the workshops. Clock speed represents the processor’s working speed, akin to the production speed of the workshops – faster is usually better. The manufacturing process and architecture can be compared to the layout and footprint of the workshops. In theory, the better the layout, the higher the efficiency, the less space it occupies, the more workshops it can accommodate, and the lower the power consumption, which translates to cost savings.
And for memory, which is our transport vehicle in this example, what is most important?
The first is undoubtedly speed. A faster speed is always better. This is reflected in the memory itself – the higher the frequency of the memory, the better.
The second is capacity. The larger the storage space for goods, the better, of course. Expanding this further, for a vehicle, what is the most crucial external factor? It’s the road. The wider the road, the more vehicles we can have on it at the same time, and they can move faster. This is what we refer to as dual-channel memory.
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